The 8 Limbs of Yoga are outlined in the ancient text called the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, written around 200 BCE. These are ethical practices both on and off the mat, bringing meaningful and purpose to life, integrating physical, ethical, mental, and spiritual practices.
1. Yama (Ethical Restraints) how we interact with others:
Ahimsa (Non-violence) Practicing kindness, compassion, and avoiding harm to all living beings.
Satya (Truthfulness) Being honest in thoughts, words, and actions
Asteya (Non-stealing) Not taking what is not freely given, respecting boundaries, and refraining from taking what belongs to others.
Brahmacharya (Moderation / Right use of energy) Practicing moderation in all things, conserving energy and focus on spiritual growth.
Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness / Non-greed) Letting go of attachment to material possessions and cultivating contentment with what one has in their lives.
2. Niyama (Personal Observances) Practices for self-discipline and personal behaviour:
Shaucha (Cleanliness) Maintaining physical and mental cleanliness, promoting a healthy and balanced lifestyle.
Santosha (Contentment) Cultivating gratitude and finding joy in the present moment.
Tapas (Discipline / Inner fire) Engaging in self-reflection, introspection, and studying spiritual texts.
Svadhyaya (Self-study / Study of spiritual texts) Engaging in self-reflection, introspection, and studying spiritual texts.
Ishvarapranidhana (Surrender to a higher power) Letting go of ego and surrendering to a greater force or purpose.
3. Asana (Physical Postures)
Traditionally, In modern practice, it includes all physical yoga poses (Asana) aimed at preparing the body for meditation and cultivating physical strength and flexibility.
4. Pranayama (Breath Control)
Practices that regulate the breath, through retention, prana being the vital force, purification, mental focus rejuvenation, and healing. Flow and energy within the body.
5. Pratyahara (Withdrawal of the Senses)
Turning attention inward by withdrawing focus from external sensory distractions.
6. Dharana (Concentration)
Training the mind to focus on one object, thought, or point of attention (like the breath or a mantra).
7. Dhyana (Meditation)
A deep, continuous state of meditation, where focus is sustained effortlessly.
8. Samadhi (Absorption / Liberation)
A state of bliss, unity, and spiritual enlightenment. The ultimate goal of yoga, where the practitioner feels a profound connection with all existence.
May the wisdom of the 8 limbs of yoga guide us beyond the physical practices, towards a more inner discipline, mindful living, and a heart rooted in compassion, allowing us to carry this balance of effort and ease, awareness and acceptance into our lives.
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